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The National Association for Chiropractic Medicine (NACM) was〔("No More NACM." ) ''Dynamic Chiropractic''. April 9, 2010〕 a minority chiropractic association founded in 1984〔Mirtz TA, Long P, Dinehart A., Slaughter RL, DuVall Jr., CE, Bryson R, Kourmadas F., Campo J. (NACM and its argument with mainstream chiropractic health care. ) ''Journal of Controversial Medical Claims'', 2002;9(1):11-25. (Article summary)〕〔Ronald Carter, DC, MA, Past President, Canadian Chiropractic Association. ("Subluxation - the silent killer." ) ''J Can Chiropr Assoc'' 2000; 44(1)〕 that described itself as a "consumer advocacy association of chiropractors".〔National Association for Chiropractic Medicine (Official website ), archived copy from May 30, 2008〕 It openly rejected〔〔 some of the more controversial aspects of chiropractic, including a basic concept of chiropractic, vertebral subluxations as the cause of all diseases. It also sought to "reform the chiropractic profession away from a philosophical scope of practice and towards an applied science scope of practice."〔(History of the NACM )〕 It stated that it was "dedicated to bringing the scientific based practice of chiropractic into mainstream medicine"〔Maley, Patterson, Rice, Sanders. ("Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Managed Care Organizations and Tricare." ) U.S. Army - Baylor University Graduate Program in Health Care Administration, 2004〕 and that its members "confine their scope of practice to scientific parameters and seek to make legitimate the utilization of professional manipulative procedures in mainstream health care delivery."〔 "While the NACM is focused on furthering the profession, its primary focus is on the rights and safety of the consumers."〔 The NACM was the object of much controversy and criticism from the rest of the profession. It quietly dropped out of sight and its demise apparently occurred sometime between May 30, 2008 and March 6, 2010.〔 == Background == Representing a minority viewpoint among chiropractors that is shared by those known as ''reform chiropractors'',〔NACM's use of the term "reform" is found in their ("History" statement. )〕 the NACM advocated a highly limited use of spinal manipulative procedures "only for the treatment of some neuromusculoskeletal conditions of musculoskeletal origin,"〔 for example the treatment of "sore backs and other musculo-skeletal problems."〔Foreman, Judy. ("Chiropractic makes gains vs. skeptics" ). ''Boston Globe Online''. 06/23/1997, p. C1.〕 By openly rejecting〔(Renouncement as a requirement of membership ): "The first and foremost requirement for membership in the NACM is that a Doctor of Chiropractic Medicine renounce the chiropractic hypothesis and/or philosophy; that is, the tenets upon which their scope of practice is based. The original chiropractic hypothesis, stated simply, is that 'subluxation is the cause of dis-ease.'....Because the hypothesis has found no validity in universally accepted, peer-reviewed, published scientific journals, belief in the hypothesis, then, is essentially a theosophy. Science has not found any organ system pathology which 'adjustment' or 'manipulation' of spinal joint structures has effect; that is, no disease or 'dis-ease' process is affected."〕〔(Judy Foreman in Boston Globe: ) "The debate over subluxations has been so heated that, over a decade ago, chiropractor Ron Slaughter and like-minded souls founded their own group, the National Association for Chiropractic Medicine, to renounce what Slaughter calls 'the historical, philosophical hypothesis that subluxation is the cause of all disease, which it surely is not. Subluxation is a metaphysical disease. . .and consequently, chiropractic today is practically a religion."〕 some of the more controversial aspects of chiropractic, including a basic concept of chiropractic, vertebral subluxations as the cause of all diseases. NACM members claimed to receive mainstream approval〔 more so than practitioners of straight or mixing chiropractic. The NACM was a private organization that accepted members by invitation only〔 and did not release membership data, however the neutral Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the antagonistic ICA estimated its membership to be in the low hundreds〔("Chiropractic in the United States: Training, Practice, and Research." ) Dec. 1997. Research Summary. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Rockville, MD.〕 or less.〔〔Mootz & Phillips (Chiropractic Belief Systems ): "However, both organizations (& NACM ) are proprietary (as opposed to being representative of their memberships) and have a very small number of members (believed to be in the low hundreds)."〕 Groupings within the chiropractic profession have been studied and categorized in various ways and the placement of the NACM within that spectrum has been mentioned in the literature. A 2005 study made with support from the chiropractic community had this to say: : "At the risk of oversimplification, chiropractors can be viewed as falling into three groups based on their usage of evidence, diagnosis, and philosophy: evidence based chiropractors, traditional straight chiropractors, and super straight chiropractors. Evidence based chiropractors make use of the best available scientific literature and accumulated clinical knowledge to establish diagnosis, refer or co-manage when necessary, devise and revise treatment plans. The evidence based chiropractor would most closely align with the AACP."〔("The Future of Chiropractic Revisited: 2005 to 2015." ) ''Institute for Alternative Futures'', 2005.〕 That statement referenced the NACM as a subgroup of evidence-based chiropractors: : "Another subgroup represented by the National Association for Chiropractic Medicine (NACM) takes a more narrow view. Whereas the AACP believes in a wide variety of treatment measures, the NACM restricts members to NMS conditions and manipulation by hand only."〔 In 1998, the AMA's Council on Scientific Affairs used communications from NACM's vice-president as a basis for some of the content in their "Report 12".〔(Report 12 of the Council on Scientific Affairs (A-97) ). American Medical Association〕 In 2002, the ''Journal of Controversial Medical Claims''〔(Journal of Controversial Medical Claims )''. Aspen Publishers〕 published a paper submitted by the NACM entitled ''"NACM and its argument with mainstream chiropractic health care."''〔 In 2005, chiropractic leader Anthony Rosner had some strong words for the paper: : "The history of anti-chiropractic invectives labeling the profession as "unscientific" unfortunately fills volumes, from the days of Morris Fischbein's crusades against chiropractic as editor of the ''Journal of the American Medical Association'', to a mind-numbing invective published in 2002 by Timothy Mirtz which I have rebutted in considerable detail elsewhere."〔Rosner ("Exit, Pursued by a Bear." ) ''Dynamic Chiropractic'', March 12, 2005, Volume 23, Issue 06.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Association for Chiropractic Medicine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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